Content by Jamie Kalven

The Garden Conversations: Remix #2

Alone in The Garden

A striking motif plays through our conversations with gardeners.  A number have observed that, within the boundaries of the 61st Street garden, they feel safe and at home in the city.  They cite several reasons for this.  The comings and goings of other gardeners.  Activity generated on 61st Street by the Experimental Station and Carnegie School.  The ring of large structures--steam plant, "chiller," AT&T facility, and U of C Press building--that seem, however blank their expressions, to look down protectively on the garden.

Taken together, though, these circumstances don't alter the fact that this is, by urban standards, a sparsely populated area.  Long intervals pass when no one is around.  And during months the garden is dense with growth, a violent presence could conceivably hide in the green and pull a victim out of sight.

The mystery is deeper still.  For several gardeners, women, have said they feel safe in the garden, even when alone, and even at night.  Putting aside questions of prudence, there is something worth exploring here.

The garden stands apart from the world yet open to it.  Its boundaries are distinct but not enforced by high fences, locked gates, threatening signage, or other tokens of "security."  It is a welcoming, undefended space.  To enter the gate is to be embraced by a certain quality of presence.  Even in the absence of other gardeners, the residue of their attention is immediate and consoling.

Is it possible that the care invested by many hands, tending their 10' x 10' plots over the years, has created a secure sanctuary in the midst of the turbulent city?

The Garden Conversations: Remix #1

The arbor at the 61st Street Community Garden

For the last few weeks, I have been talking with gardeners at an imperiled community garden on the South Side of Chicago.  My colleagues at the Invisible Institute and I are making a “live documentary” about the garden, daily posting short conversations with gardeners, speaking out of their 10’ x 10’ plots, while we work on a full-length narrative.  (You can taste our work at the end of this post.)  At this point, we don’t yet know how the story ends.

Located at 61st Street and Dorchester Avenue, the garden is on land owned by the University of Chicago.  Since 2000, the U of C has allowed the gardeners—I am among them—to use the site.  Last spring, it informed us it wants its land back The University has no immediate plans to build on the site, but rather intends to use it temporarily as a staging area for the construction of a building at the other end of the block. It has set October 30 as the deadline for the gardeners to vacate the land they have cultivated.

Over the past six months, various efforts have been made to engage the U of C in conversation about possible practical alternatives that would preserve the garden until the time comes to build on it.  (That process began with this essay.)  While we have had some fruitful, informal conversations with individual administrators, the institution’s position has remained unchanged: It’s our land. We want it back. You always knew your use of it was provisional.

Introducing The Garden Conversations

What looks the strongest has outlived its term
The future lies with what's affirmed from under.
                                                    Seamus Heaney


For close to a decade, a diverse group of gardeners has cultivated a community garden at the corner of 61st Street and Dorchester Avenue on the South Side of Chicago.  Over time, they have transformed vacant land in a precarious area into a singular urban amenity.

The land on which the garden is located belongs to the University of Chicago.  The University made it available with the explicit understanding that use of the site for gardening was provisional.  It was always clear the day would come when the U of C would reclaim the land for its own purposes. 

Early this year, that moment arrived.  The University announced it intends to use the garden site as a staging area for construction of a new building for the Chicago Theological Seminary a block away at the corner of 60th and Dorchester.  It has set October 30th as the deadline for gardeners to vacate the site.

I speak as a gardener.  My wife and I are among the 135 households that participate in the 61st Street Community Garden.  We are a diverse mix.  Racial and class integration are the least of it.  The true diversity of the garden is at the level of individual experience, character, and sensibility.  The garden may look rural, but it is a quintessentially urban space where we savor difference on common ground. 

Release of police documents imminent

Comments: None Tags: SOS documents, Transparency

Two years ago, Chicago newspapers and air waves were full of public discussion of patterns of police abuse, government secrecy, and institutional denial. As converging police scandals threatened to engulf his administration, Mayor Daley rebranded the agency that investigates abuse complaints, appointed a new police superintendent, and promised an era of reform.

Today public debate is muted. There are several reasons for this. Among them is the unresolved status of a key legal issue, arising from Bond v. Utreras, a federal civil rights alleging police abuse. In 2007, Judge Joan Lefkow of the U.S. District Court ruled in Bond that certain police documents—including the complaint files of the individual officer defendants and a list of 662 officers with the most citizen complaints in a five year period—are public information.

In a strong, eloquent opinion, Judge Lefkow went back to first principles. Such information must be available to the public, she wrote, so we as citizens can hold accountable the public officials we have entrusted with the powers to detain, arrest, and use force.

The City appealed Lefkow’s ruling to the Seventh Circuit of the U.S. Court of Appeals. It has been pending there for more than two years. For much of this period, the public conversation has been frozen in a state of suspension.

In the meantime, the legal struggle over official secrecy has continued unabated. If anything, it has intensified. It is being waged on multiple fronts. The City has worked tirelessly to maintain its regime of secrecy. And civil rights attorneys have countered with strategies to force greater transparency.

Variations on a Theme

Comments: None Tags: Miscellaneous

I have no theoretical perspective to offer on the issue of property rights for the poor. I do have some relevant experience with respect to what can happen when the poor have no meaningful say in the fate of the place where they live. My experience is grounded at Stateway Gardens, a high-rise public housing community that was located, until its recent demolition, on South State Street in Chicago.

Since 2000, Chicago has been implementing a public housing strategy it calls “The Plan for Transformation.” The stated objective of the Plan is to replace high-rise concentrations of public housing with “mixed income communities.” To date, the City has proved far more effective at demolition than construction, at destroying neighborhoods than renewing them.

The name—“The Plan For Transformation”—used to seem, at best, comically grandiose and, at worse, Orwellian. Today it seems quite precise. The city has, indeed, been "transformed." No other word will do. Within a few years, entire communities have disappeared. Places have been erased. And fundamental human rights issues have receded from view.

I offer two statements written almost a decade apart.

The first was prepared for a seminar on “The Consequences of Abandoned Communities,” convened by the Open Society Institute in Harlem in 1998.

The second is a speech that opened a conference--"The View From The Ground: Issues and Inquiries Arising From Eight Square Blocks of Chicago's South Side”—at the University of Chicago Law School in 2007.

61st Street Community Garden At Risk

The garden

Launch photo essay by Patricia Evans

Blank slates make for easy planning. Awareness of ecological richness confounds the process, creating conditions for innovation. The purpose of this essay is to complicate the planning process for the new Chicago Theological Seminary building to be constructed on the south campus of the University of Chicago. When the larger urban ecology is made visible, this project becomes at once problematic and full of promise—ripe for elegant design solutions.

In May of last year, the University announced it had entered into an agreement to purchase the CTS complex at the center of its campus. It plans to use the structure to house the Milton Friedman Institute (a name that provoked intense controversy, even before the economic crisis sharpened questions about the wisdom of unregulated markets). As part of the agreement, the University will build a new facility for CTS. According to the CTS website, the seminary will move in 2012 to a new building at the southeast corner of 60th Street and Dorchester Avenue:

Overlooking the scenic Midway Plaisance, the planned facility will feature a LEED-compatible "green" design by Dirk Danker of Chicago-based Nagle Hartray architects. Plans call for a four-story, 75,000-square-foot structure capped by a green roof. A semi-circular, glass-enclosed chapel and meeting space will provide a welcoming setting for worship and gatherings. The lower level will accommodate future expansion.

A Few More Words For Studs

Comments: None Tags: Edward Rothstein, Studs Terkel

Three days after Studs Terkel’s death, the New York Times published a column by critic Edward Rothstein titled “An Appraisal: He Gave Voice to Many, Among Them Himself.” The piece is a striking instance of the low art of red-baiting disguised as high-minded criticism. It has been effectively countered as such by, among others, Victor Navasky, Howard Zinn, Roger Ebert and Andre Schiffrin. Yet I have continued to brood about it. I am moved to write about it now not because Terkel needs further defense against such petty sniping but because Rothstein’s essay, so clearly intended to diminish his achievements, has the ironic effect of illuminating them.

It is inevitable that the tsunami of praise and affection—of love—released by news of Terkel’s death would prompt reaction. And it is of course appropriate for a critic to scale back the superlatives and inquire into the precise nature of his achievement. Such scrutiny is especially warranted in this case, because the legend that celebrates Studs also obscures him. He was sharper, edgier and more complicated than the statue that is hardening around him.

Some words for Studs on November 4, 2008

Comments: None Tags: Studs Terkel
Studs Terkel and JR Millares

Studs Terkel and caretaker JR Millares. January 11, 2008

The following is an excerpt from a speech I gave on the occasion of receiving an award from Rape Victim Advocates in 2005. Studs Terkel presented the award. That gave me an opening to talk about him a bit. I quoted an invocation by Rev. William Sloan Coffin that Studs, in recent years, frequently included in his remarks on public occasions. Many words have been uttered about Studs in the last few days; many more will be spoken. It seems fitting on this day to recall these words that, at the end of his long life, spoke so deeply to him. - Jamie Kalven

In order to give an account of Studs’ influence on me, I have to excavate down to bedrock. For there is a sense in which I grew up inside his voice. The radio station that was his original and longtime home—WFMT—was always on in my parents’ house. It was the medium through which my brothers, my sister and I moved growing up. And Studs was on the air a lot in those days—at 10:00 am on weekday mornings, and then again on Sunday evening. For me as a child, the sound of his voice conjured the richness of the wide world beyond the household and carried the promise of how much of that richness a single sensibility could absorb without bursting. He was my World Wide Web. Together with my father, Studs dramatized for me the joys and possibilities of conversation. They planted the seeds of the conviction, now central to my understanding of both the First Amendment and my literary vocation, that there is nothing that cannot be talked about.

The Face of Poverty: A View From The Ground

Speech at Legal Assistance Foundation Annual Luncheon, Grand Ballroom, Palmer House Hilton, June 23, 2008

Thank you, Diana. It is an honor for us to be part of this occasion. The Legal Assistance Foundation is a necessary organization. I know how LAF attorneys are regarded in abandoned communities throughout city. For the residents of those communities, they embody the possibility of justice. For my own part, I am grateful for all the ways, large and small, that you and your colleagues have enriched my understanding of the issues facing public housing residents.

During my years of immersion at Stateway Gardens, a practice developed that came to be known in certain circles as “the Jamie walk.” Journalists, academics, civic leaders, foundation executives, and assorted others would come down to South State Street ostensibly to see what I was up to but in fact to get a glimpse of life in public housing. I didn’t give them a formal tour; rather, they would tag along as I made my rounds. We would talk, as we walked. I welcomed these visits. So much more information could be conveyed on site than in a conversation in a downtown office. I recognized that for many the visit was not without its anxieties. It entailed crossing a significant threshold—stepping away from the official narrative about public housing (that hallucinatory mix of folklore, fear, and highly charged symbols) and stepping forward to see for themselves the conditions of life in a particular community. For some this proved a memorable and enduring experience. It removed the husks from what they thought they knew about high-rise public housing to reveal the questions inside.

The Stroll: A Blues Requiem For Stateway Gardens

"The struggle of man against power is the struggle of memory against forgetting.” - Milan Kundera

My mission—with multimedia help from my colleagues David Eads, Patricia Evans, and Jason Reblando—is to place and ground the conversation that will unfold at this conference.

Let’s begin by locating the eight square blocks of the title. The coordinates are 35th and 39th, State and Federal: the footprint of the Stateway Gardens public housing development. Eight high-rise buildings—a total of 1,644 family apartments—on 33 acres. At full occupancy, the legal population was roughly 5,000. Others lived there off the lease. And then there were those who didn’t collect their mail or lay their heads on the pillow at Stateway, yet regarded it, in some sense, as home. I am one of them.

I first came to Stateway Gardens in the early 1990’s, following a set of moral intuitions where they led. As a citizen, I was moved to explore what it might mean to conduct oneself as a neighbor under conditions of urban apartheid. As a writer, I felt the need to earn the right to use certain words. I was, in short, deeply but actively confused. Over time and by degrees, the Stateway community embraced me with hospitality and kindness that changed the course of my life. Day after day, year after year, I kept coming back. I came back, because I found useful work to do. Because I formed sustaining friendships. Because I located a place to stand where I could resist the gravitational pull of the official narrative about inner city neighborhoods and see with my own eyes. That perspective, that view from the ground, became for me a personal necessity—a form of inquiry and intellectual accountability.

Ruth Young (1938-2007)

Comments: None Tags: Ruth Young

In interviews occasioned by the publication of his book Will The Circle Be Unbroken?: Reflections on Death, Rebirth, and Hunger for a Faith, Ruth’s dear friend Studs Terkel described himself as “an agnostic.” In other words, he said, “a cowardly atheist.” I have a hunch that characterization may apply to a number of us here. But not to Ruth. In her gentle, quiet way, she was an uncompromising atheist. An atheist for all seasons.

After her death, Quentin shared a story that deepened my understanding of Ruth. At the age of twelve, she decided she couldn’t take communion because she didn’t believe in God. She very much wanted to take communion, she wanted to please her parents, but she couldn’t falsify her reality. The minister and Sunday School teacher came to the family home. Together with Ruth’s parents, they arrayed themselves around the little girl, got down on their knees, and prayed she would accept the faith. The child known as Little Ruthie Johnson didn’t yield. She remained true to her sense of the world.

Something essential is evoked by that image of the slight, delicate girl holding her ground against such imposing adult authority. Ruth thought for herself. She saw things from her own angle of vision. She knew her own mind. In her singular way, she didn’t impose herself on others, yet stood her ground and was true to herself.

Statement on civilian review of the police

Comments: None Tags: police

On April 5, 2007, Professor Craig Futterman of the University of Chicago Law School and Jamie Kalven issued a statement titled "The Need for Independent Civilian Review of the Chicago Police Department."

Chicago Sun-Times op-ed on police reform

Comments: None Tags: Chicago Sun-Times, police impunity

On January 1, 2007, the Chicago Sun-Times published an op-ed by Jamie Kalven. Titled "1997 Blueprint for Reining in Rogue Cops Gathering Dust Today," the piece describes the fate of the Commission on Police Integrity, appointed by Mayor Daley in 1997, in the wake of a police scandal in the Austin and Gresham Districts.

Bond Case Settled

Comments: None Tags: Diane Bond, Kicking The Pigeon

In mid-December, the parties in Bond v. Utreras, et al, the federal civil rights suit described in "Kicking the Pigeon," agreed to settle, subject to Chicago City Council approval.

Resolution of the Bond case brings to an end the legal confrontation precipitated by the City's effort to have Jamie Kalven held in contempt for refusing to comply with its subpoena seeking his notes. On June 27, 2006, Magistrate Judge Arlander Keys ruled in Kalven's favor. As of the time of the settlement, the City had appealed Judge Keys' ruling to Judge Joan Lefkow.

An article on the Bond settlement--"Alleged cop brutality case settled--but is it just one of many?"--appeared in the Chicago Sun-Times. Another--"City drops lawsuit against local journalist"--appeared in the Hyde Park Herald.

Sympathy For The Censor

Comments: None Tags: speeches

On October 11, 2006, Jamie Kalven gave a speech titled "Sympathy for the Censor" at the McCormick Tribune Freedom Museum. The text of the speech is available here; and an audio version here. Studs Terkel introduced Kalven; hence the references to him at the beginning of the speech.

In this talk, Kalven addresses the case, pending in federal district court, arising from his refusal to comply with a subpoena from the City of Chicago demanding his notes on police abuses, in connection with Bond v. Utreras, the federal civil rights suit described in "Kicking the Pigeon." (An article by David Bernstein in Chicago Magazine provides background on this controversy.)

I

There has been some debate in federal court and among my journalistic colleagues recently about what kind of a reporter I am. Actually, Studs resolved this issue a while ago when he characterized—and honored—me with a term he uses to describe himself. He called me “a guerrilla journalist.” Unfortunately, this term has not, at least so far, carried the day. I have been described as “an advocate,” as “one-sided,” as obviously “biased.” In their most recent brief, City lawyers stopped just short of calling my work spam. They referred repeatedly to something distasteful called “internet submissions.”